4 What is the treatment of viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis is often called the "stomach flu." However a swelling or inflammation of the stomach lining due to viral contamination. Infection often results in vomiting and diarrhea.

Viral gastroenteritis can affect one person or group of people who have consumed the same type of food or drinking water contaminated with the virus. Stomach flu is a major cause of severe diarrhea in both adults and children.


The symptoms of stomach flu occurring in 4 to 48 hours after viral infection.



The most common complaints are:

stomach pain;
diarrhea;
nausea and vomiting;
fever;
muscle and joint pain.

One of the serious complications of stomach flu is the development of dehydration. Your body needs fluids to function normally. Dehydration can be caused by vomiting, abnormal urination or sweating hard. In viral gastroenteritis combination of diarrhea and vomiting can cause dehydration.

Signs of dehydration are:

excessive thirst;
dry mucous membranes;
decreased urine output, which is highly concentrated;
extreme fatigue.





The goal of treatment for stomach flu is to prevent the development of dehydration by submitting enough fluid to cover losses. Fluids and minerals that are lost through diarrhea and vomiting should be restored by infusions of appropriate solutions or fluid intake by mouth.

The first few days after an illness of viral gastroenteritis intake should be limited to avoid heavy and difficult to digest foods that can worsen the condition of patients. After a gradual recovery can begin gradually to supply normal diet. It is advisable to avoid dairy products, alcohol and caffeine until your recovery.

Viral gastroenteritis usually passes in a few days and does not require any serious treatment. Children are more susceptible to dehydration and may require hospitalization for several days to restore fluid balance.

If your diarrhea lasts more than a few days or signs of dehydration is imperative to consult a doctor. You should consult a doctor and some of the following symptoms:

bloody diarrhea
confusion and dizziness
lack of urination for more than 8 hours.

0 How to stop stomach flu

What happens ín cases of stomach flu ínclude írrítatíon and ínflammatíon of many parts of your gastroíntestínal tract.  Thís can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other uncomfortable stomach flu symptoms.  If you aren’t able to take ín enough fluids, ít can also lead to dehydratíon.  Thís ís partícularly true of young chíldren.

Because so many thíngs can cause ít, you should contact your doctor.  You wíll be gíven ínstructíons about what to look for, what to do and when to come ín for a check up.  The elderly and young chíldren may need to be seen ríght away to avoíd secondary problems such as dehydration.

Now, as to how to get over ít.  In most cases, tíme ís the only answer.  You may need supportíve care, but most thíngs you have to swallow wíll probably not stay ín long enough to do any good.  Thís ís especíally true íf nausea and vomiting are part of the equatíon.

You should ask your doctor ín advance what to have on hand ín case you or someone ín your famíly develop thís condítíon.  Most pedíatrícíans recommend that parents keep oral rehydration fluids avaílable at all tímes.  These are readíly avaílable wíthout a prescríptíon.

In the títle of thís artícle, the questíon was asked “can garlic kíll the stomach flu.”  In a word, no.  It would also be unwíse to take garlíc íf you have any sort of gastrointestinal inflammation or ínflammatíon, as ít could make the sítuatíon worse.  Garlíc may have some antívíral functíons, but the írrítatíon ít causes after ingestíon wíll be a hundred tímes worse.

Oatmeal ís one.  Íf there ís no nausea or vomiting, try eating a bowl of plaín oatmeal wíthout mílk or cream.  Do so slowly, as your body ísn’t goíng to want a lot of stuff híttíng the stomach quíckly.

Lícoríce ís another possíbílíty, but care has to be taken wíth ít.  If you are diabetic, use DGL tablets, as there ís a large quantíty of sugar ín thís root.  Also, íf you have hígh blood pressure, don’t use ít at all.  Thís remedy should not be gíven to young chíldren.

Sports’ drínks could be vítal to preventíng dehydratíon.  These were desígned to gíve athletes an edge duríng sportíng events and could help you keep your electrolytes balanced.  They usually contaín a lot of sugar, so ask the doctor before begínníng to use them.

It ís a good ídea to talk to your doctor or your chíld’s pedíatrícían at the fírst sígn of thís condítíon.  Make sure the doctor knows of any pre-exístíng medícal condítíons as well as any medícatíons/supplements you are on.  Thís can help you avoíd any síde effects or drug/herb ínteractíons.

0 Stomach Flu Symptoms In Children 2014

Stomach virus usually known as stomach flu includes swelling of the digestive system of the digestive system and abdomen called gastroenteritis. A abdomen virus is often passed on quickly. Ann Frankowski MD lecturer of pediatric medicine at Vermont Kid’s Medical center in Burlington prefers to use the term abdomen bug to explain a group of malware that can disappointed abdomen. The two main causes are the rotavirus, which is more regular in winter and the adenovirus and echovirus that prefer the summer and springtime periods.

Infants and the seniors are particularly susceptible to the stomach virus with improved potential for much more serious symptoms. The virus goes into the abdomen and outcomes in nausea or nausea, diarrhoea, nausea, abdomen pain and appetite loss. It usually continues 24 to 72 hours. Specifically Early stomach flu symptoms include abdomen pain, nausea or nausea, complications and quite often a high temperature. Diarrhea and nausea can also be experienced once the malware goes into complete power. While kids suffer from a abdomen malware they can pass it on to others. Using the School of Mich Health System the best way to prevent the propagate of stomach flu is through regular side cleaning.




Kids with the stomach flu need to keep away from meals and beverages with plenty of acid like any fruit juice or lemon juice. Milk products are also something to stay away from. Deep-fried treats and anything with caffeinated drinks in it should be an obvious thing to avoid with the stomach flu. Light meals like soup or poultry soup are simple on the abdomen simple to eat and highly suggested. When kids have the abdomen malware their body will be dried and be missing required nutritional supplements because young people have more coming out than going in. They will need to consume lots of natural vitamins rich fluids like supplement water and sports beverages like Gatorade or Powerade for the water. Mother and father can motivate to consume as much as possible because this will simply help them restore quicker and feel better through the whole process.

Signs and warning symptoms and symptoms of abdomen malware usually last five to seven times in kids, and one to two times in grown ups. For kids under a year physician will most likely suggest having an dental rehydration solution such as Pedialyte or Ricelyte which come in various preferences and even in pop sicle form. To support kids keep fluids down small, regular amounts are better than consuming a complete glass. Dr. Frankowski suggests her sufferers to try a half ounce to an ounces every 20 or Half an hour for kids under two and the same amount but every 15 to 20 moments for the kids older than that.



The very best part about it is that the stomach virus is not a certain sickness and will manage on its own after a few times of TLC. Children most regularly get infected in school and play areas. Grownups are usually infected at work on the bus or high traffic areas like shops, events, groups or cafes. Human physical liquid can be moved extremely easily. Therefore it is essential keep a fresh around when working with meals or trembling arms with people and makes sure to completely fresh your arms during the abdomen malware season between Oct and Feb more than regular. Having infected meals or arms is one of the most common ways the malware is passed on from individual to individual. Good cleanliness is the best protection as below.

1. Washing Hands Frequently

It is better to use a non reusable document hand towel than a material hand towel that can harbour viruses. Gastroenteritis outcomes in many visits to the bathing room and parents should be particularly certain to clean kids arms after each trip.

2. Using Hand Better When Detergent and Water are Not Available

Parents can use a side sanitizer made with at least 60 percent alcohol. This guarantees that it can remove the malware that can cause gastroenteritis. Moreover, Children have to fresh their arms before in contact with “community” things such as phones, computer computer keyboard and doorknobs.

3. Being a disinfectant Surfaces

It is essential to fresh areas utilizing non reusable cloths or sponges before disinfecting bathrooms, cleanse manage, drain sink and the light change with special attention by using a swimming pool water bleach-based household cleaner.

0 Stomach flu 2013: Bacterial gastroenteritis - symptoms, treatment, causes.

Intestinal bacteria , staphylococci , dirty hands and stale food are just some of the reasons for the unpleasant summer disease

Bacterial gastroenteritis ( stomach flu ) is one of the so-called summer infections. Most often occurs precisely in the warm weather , and the most affected are children, the elderly and pregnant women .
This disease attacks people while traveling , on the beach , on the train or even at home.

Experts have concluded that bacterial gastroenteritis " flourish " mainly in the summer. This happens because of the high temperature, which helps the bacteria to multiply . A viral gastroenteritis is more common in winter and infection usually becomes airborne .

Overall infection of the digestive system " attack " densely populated areas - kindergartens , schools , camps , restaurants, hikers , beaches, hotels ...

As retailers seem - always carry a disinfecting wipes .
Bacterial gastroenteritis is caused by certain intestinal bacteria , staphylococci pathogenic enteric bacillus , salmonella and microbial dysentery.

Viral gastroenteritis is provoked by intestinal virus called rotavirus. In most cases the infection is a result of dirty hands of spoiled or poorly prepared food, from impure water from dirty objects - knives , forks, towels. And also from raw oysters .
A rare chronic gastroenteritis. It occurs in a serious pathological condition , for example in patients with a diagnosis of cancer .

Symptoms of bacterial gastroenteritis are much stronger and prolonged than that of the viral.

Generally the stomach flu symptoms are acute and variable depending on the causes of pain and response of the organism. Here are the outward signs :

- Nausea or vomiting - often at an early stage;
- Pain in the gut, sometimes less , sometimes very acute ;
- Diarrhea.

According to the experts these are the symptoms of inflammation. There are others - the stools can be a rare and perhaps more common. Sometimes mixed with mucus , and in more severe cases - with blood. Again, experts note that these signs are characteristic of bacterial gastroenteritis. When it tends to increase the temperature . Infection lasts 2-3 days.
Symptoms of bacterial gastroenteritis are much stronger and longer than those of viral gastroenteritis - also known as stomach flu.

The signs of inflammation were detected after one to three days from the time of infection. Viral gastroenteritis heal within 2-3 days. Depending on the level of toxicity ( poisoning ) , the disease can last up to 5 days , maybe 10 days .

Here's the place to say that scientists have developed two vaccines against rotavirus in the form of a mixture . Has them in almost all countries. We recommend that you take advantage of them , it is especially important for children.

Run to the doctor as soon as the first symptoms

Treatment of stomach flu has several phases:

- Hydration of the body and diet . This is a special treatment that involves a very large amount of fluids - mainly water, soup, easily digested meal . This cure most types of viral gastroenteritis.

- Serum introducing liquids. Electrolytes used in the event that has led to dehydration.

- Antibiotics . Accepted only in certain situations. Needed special medication.

- Surgery . This is necessary when it comes to bowel perforation and , of course, happens very rarely . In severe cases of viral and bacterial gastroenteritis patient is being treated in a hospital .

Children, the elderly and pregnant women are most vulnerable. Experts say it is important to call the doctor immediately after detection of the first symptoms. Otherwise may lead to dehydration.

Experts warn

- Do not take anti-diarrheal medicines because it can lead to unintended consequences - entangling or bowel obstruction .

- Do not drink milk and dairy products.

- Do not eat fruit , drink juice or take raw vegetables .

- Lost in these few days pastries and sweet fruit.

- Your doctor will recommend what to eat during this time. Usually had to make do with rice, biscuits , chicken meat , herbal teas, carbonated water.

- Your body needs easily absorbable food to be prepared at home.

- After a few days you can go to the usual diet .

- For infants and very young children need this. Look at pharmacies and supermarkets especially milk against diarrhea - soy or lactose-free . Before you give your child , consult your doctor and follow his recommendations.

- For older children is contraindicated to take ice cream or dairy products because they can trigger diarrhea.

First Aid stomach flu

First and most important is to prevent dehydration. And for this purpose you should be familiar with the signs of this condition :

- Constant feeling of thirst ;
- Dark urine ;
- Dry skin ;
- Dry mouth ;
- Sunken cheeks and eyes ;
- A very small amount of urine or complete lack of one.

Before you find yourself in the skilful hands of the doctor , you should drink plenty of fluids - Add the water a little sugar or salt - better mix them . Rich electrolyte drinks are taken only as prescribed by a physician.
Infants and young children give water with a dropper .
If you are sick , wait half , up to one hour and then start drinking liquids in small quantities.

How to Prevent stomach flu

- Well wash your hands every time before eating and after exiting the restroom . This will protect you from all kinds of infections and diseases. Will avoid contamination with germs and prevent those around you . Teach your children how to wash their hands - a must with hot water and soap. Emphasize the places between your fingers .

- Do not use anyone with the same plate , knife, cup , toothbrush , towel .

- If a family member is ill , avoid close contact with him. Frequently wash your hands , take a bath or shower at every opportunity possible .

- Maintain optimum temperature regime at home - the temperature is not higher than 25 degrees. At higher temperature, the prepared meals you can quickly spoil.

- Very good wash raw fruits and vegetables , whether you bought them from the market, or you type them from your own garden .

- Put almost everything in the refrigerator, especially perishable products - sauces, milk, cream, meat.

- Wash not only your hands but also objects that are used in cutting and touched raw meat. Such are the board and the knife which will then cut the bread, salad and so on.

- Be very careful when you buy shellfish - such as various seafood . Especially if you do not know their origin.

- When you go on vacation or traveling, you should make sure that the staff in the kitchen and bathroom there meets all sanitary and hygienic conditions. These are restaurants , taverns , cafes , eateries , bars , etc.

During travel

- Drink only bottled water , avoid it is very cold .

- Decline of raw food and undercooked meat or fish.

- Always carry a personal hygiene items - toilet paper, soap and towels. There you will find yourself in places where you do not have those things so necessary

3 stomach flu 2013: Viral gastroenteritis - the lookout in the summer, but not only!

Viral gastroenteritis, also known as stomach flu, is an inflammation of the mucous coating of the stomach and intestines caused by certain groups of viruses. They settled in the epithelial cells of the mucosa, where they multiply and cause damage to the normal structure and function. The stomach flu is a highly infectious and very common - every year there are tens of millions.

1. What are the stomach flu symptoms?

The main stomach flu symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting. Also frequently observed headache, fever, chills, and abdominal pain.

Dehydration is the most common complication of stomach flu. Infants, young children, the elderly and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk. Symptoms of dehydration are thirst, often urination, dark urine, lethargy, fatigue, dizziness.

In young children and infants, symptoms are dry mouth and tongue, crying without tears, fever, unusually loud crying or high irritability, sunken eyes and cheeks.

Medical attention should be sought mandatory for young children and people with suppressed immunity, and in cases of blood in the stool (an indicator of bacterial superinfection), severe and prolonged course of infection, symptoms of dehydration. Severe dehydration may require intravenous hydration in a hospital setting.

2. What are the most common causes of viral gastroenteritis?

Rotavirus. Rotaviruses are the leading cause of stomach flu in infants and young children. Incubation was continued for 1 to 3 days. Usually, the infection is accompanied by watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever and muscular pain for 3 to 7 days. Rotaviruses can infect and adults in contact with the ailing child. In adults, the stomach flu symptoms less severe.

Calicivirus. Cause infections in people of all ages. Noroviruses are the most common calicivirus and the most common cause of stomach flu in adults. Often reaching epidemic. Usually epidemics broke out from October to April, but are possible at any time of year. Typical stomach flu symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, headache and muscle aches. The symptoms started 1-2 days after contact with the virus and still 1 to 3 days.

Adenoviruses. Mainly infects children under 2 years. There are 49 types of adenoviruses, one of which affects the gastrointestinal tract and causes nausea and diarrhea. The incubation period is 8-10 days and symptoms persist between one and two weeks. Adenoviral infections may occur at any time of year.

Astroviruses. Infect mostly infants and children less adults. The symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting, continuing for up to one week, and appears after an incubation period of 3-4 days. Symptoms were less severe than Norovirus or rotavirus infections. Astroviruses stomach flu are most common during the winter months.

3. How to transmit infection?

Agents spread by airborne and contact-bit path. Available in faeces and vomit. Patients can contaminate food and objects with the virus after defecating, especially if you do not wash their hands. Able to communicate and contact with another person, such as a handshake. Emesis viruses fall into the air.

Noroviruses are highly contagious especially. They can remain viable for months on the surface of objects which have not been thoroughly disinfected. If there are sick of such viruses, it is recommended that the disinfection of the surrounding objects with bleach.

4. How to diagnose stomach flu?

Typically diagnosis is only based on the clinical manifestations. People with severe and prolonged stomach flu symptoms, you may have to visit a specialist to recommend the study of feces to exclude bacterial and parasitic pathogens and identify company-or norovirus.

5. What is the treatment of stomach flu?

Most infections are self-limiting and require no etiological treatment.

Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections!

The goal of treatment is to control stomach flu symptoms and prevent complications. OTC medications such as loperamide (antidiarrheal) and bismuth subsalicylate (antacid antidiarrheal and antibacterial agent) can be administered in adults but not in children.

Important is the right diet, especially to prevent dehydration and disruption of water-salt balance. It includes drinking plenty of fluids (ideally fruit juices or juices) to replace lost fluids and salts, feed restriction starting eating light, easily digestible food - first toast, then boiled potatoes, rice and bananas, avoid of fatty meats and oily food.

Recommended and plenty of rest.

Children are particularly at risk of complications, especially dehydration. They may be appropriate for the provision of special rehydration solutions. Recommended the granting of such solutions even in infants.

Currently explore new diagnostic tests for different rotavirus strains, new vaccines against norovirus and company-and the benefits of probiotics in the treatment of stomach flu.

6. How can you avoid viral gastroenteritis?

The risk of infection can be greatly reduced by following a few tips:

Thoroughly wash hands with soap after each visit to the toilet or changing diapers and before each meal.
Disinfect the vessels of the patient. (Where possible, it is recommended to use bleach.)
Avoid consumption of foods and beverages that are suspected of being infected.

0 Stomach flu treatment. Viral, bacterial and parasitic gastroenteritis.

What is gastroenteritis?

Gastroenteritis also known as stomach flu is a gastrointestinal infection caused by viruses, bacteria or parasites. Stomach flu is a disease associated primarily with hygiene and sanitary conditions of living, dining and living.

Stomach Flu Symptoms

The most characteristic stomach flu symptom is diarrhea preceded by abdominal pain. Apart from this characteristic symptom, the disease can be expressed more in the presence of:
- Temperature
- Lack of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Weight loss and dehydration
- Mucus or blood in stool
Usually, viral gastroenteritis lasts a few days and goes away by itself.
More severe, dangerous and time consuming are bacterial and parasitic gastroenteritis, which are more common and known as "food poisoning" because the most common sources of infection are consumption of food and water.
The stomach flu is an acute infectious disease care so that other people will not become infected after contact with the patient must be related to the maintenance of good personal hygiene and sanitation.

Stomach flu treatment:

Viral gastroenteritis usually do not need treatment because the body itself solves the problem for a few days.
Situation for bacterial gastroenteritis is a little different because disease-causing bacteria are more virulent than viruses and can cause more problems and complications. In addition, in people with weakened or compromised immune system bacteria can scatter to other parts of the body and cause an even life-threatening infection known as "sepsis." Therefore, very often it is reasonable in the case of a bacterial infection using the appropriate antibiotic to eliminate the risk of spreading the infection or growth.
Usually, the main focus is on stomach flu symptoms treatment, ie addressing and eliminating the symptoms. Firstly these are antidiarrheals means to mitigate or stop the disorder and drinking plenty of fluids to compensate for their loss due to diarrhea. Are suitable for clear, salted soups, but because the body loses fluids important sodium and potassium ions and their loss must be compensated. For the duration of the disorder to avoid carbonated beverages, milk and sweets because they reinforce diarrhea.

0 Natural Remedies to Help You Bear Your Stomach Flu

It was bound to happen eventually. There’s been a nasty bout of the flu going around, well, basically, everywhere. It’s at your workplace. It’s at your kids’ school. Most everywhere you turn, there it is, the stomach flu.

And it’s not like you were exactly vigilant about getting your flu shot, either.

But just because you’ve succumbed to the flu doesn’t mean that you have to suffer. In fact, there are a number of great remedies out there to help you live through the symptoms until the bug eventually passes.

Remember: the Flu Is a Virus

It’s important to remember that, once you’ve contracted the flu, there’s little that can be done for you to actually get rid of it. It’s a virus.

There are no cures.

Now, vaccines can help your body build up immunity to certain viruses so that you don’t contract them in the first place. But once you do, you’re unfortunately stuck.

That said, as mentioned before, there are still a number of great ways to help you live through it. Because without that, even seven to 10 days can be unbearable.


Clear Fluids

One of the most important things to remember is that the flu is going to dehydrate you fast. So you need to drink lots and lots of water. Even if you don’t feel like you’re thirsty, drink. Also: you might want to stick to only water, because a lot of other drinks, be it the processed sugar in soda or acidity in orange juice, aren’t likely to sit well.

BRAT

Bananas, (white) rice, apple sauce, dry toast. That’s probably your best bet in terms of putting something in you that (a) you’ll be able to keep down and (b) is actually nutritious. The bananas and apple sauce especially, because they’re packed with vitamins and water that, when you’re not eating much, you absolutely need.

Ginger

Ginger is a great way to help you start feeling better. This is because of its anti-inflammatory properties. There are a number of different types of ginger you can get in you. Some come in capsules; others are just simply the root itself. And who can forget ginger ale, which, yes, has ginger and is actually quite good for you.

Mint

Believe it or not, peppermint is actually a great herb that helps people out when they’re suffering from the flu. This is because it helps settle the stomach. Matter of fact, a number of people have found that using mint actually helps with irritable bowel syndrome, which, while it’s not the flu, presents many of the same symptoms as the flu. Since you’re treating the symptoms, you might as well give this a shot.

Probiotics

Probiotics are not only something that you can take to help you get through the flu, but something you should absolutely take after battling the flu. This is because the flu – not only the virus itself, but also many of the GI tract-clearing symptoms – tend to deplete your body’s natural stores of probiotics, which are good bacteria that help out significantly with your digestion and overall health. Since you’re going to need these eventually, and since they’re actually helpful, you might as well get them now.

Teas

There are many teas, particularly rooibos tea and chamomile tea that can be very helpful with helping ease some of your symptoms. Like many of the other remedies, they’re unfortunately not going to be able to do much by way of the underlying problem – for that, there’s only time – but they might be able to help you get through it.

As should most of the items on this list.

Valerie Johnston is a health writer located in Lake Fork, Texas. She is passionate about running and clean eating and writing for Healthline.com ensures she stays up-to-date on the latest trends and news in the health and fitness industry.

3 Stomach flu symptoms 2013: Difference between gastroenteritis and food poisoning.

Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which includes the stomach and intestines. This conditíon is usually due to bactería, parasítes, viruses or food poisoning, and it symptoms are diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea. Gastroenteritis is known as stomach flu or gastric flu although it has no relation to the influenza.

What is the difference between food poisoning and gastroenteritis?

Specifically, stomach flu refers to infection/inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, while food poisoning refers to a type of bacterial gastroenteritis that was caused by somethíng the patíent ate. Food poisoning can also refer to chemícal food poisoning, as míght happen if you ate a poisonous mushroom. In broad terms, gastroenteritis descríbes what the patient has, while food poisoning describes how the patíent got it. 

According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary, gastroenteritis is the "Inflammatíon of the mucous membrane of both stomach and intestine" , while food poisoning ís "poisoning ín which the active agent is contained ín ingested food".

What causes stomach flu?

Stomach flu is caused by several factors, and viruses and bactería are the most common. Viral causes, whích account for about 35% of cases ín children, ínclude adenovirus, rotavirus (maín cause ín chíldren), calicivirus, parvovirus, astrovirus, and norovirus (maín cause ín adults). Viral gastroenteritis is usually brought about by bad hygiene habits or close contact with an infected person.

The causes of Bacterial gastroenteritis ínclude E. Coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Shigella. A study found that 10% of children's diarrhea cases are caused by E. Coli.

Additional causes of stomach flu symptoms aríse from parasites or protozoans such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, chemícal toxíns, heavy metals such as arseníc, lead, and mercury, and medícations such as antibiotics, aspirin, caffeine, steroids, and laxatives. Lactose intolerance - the inability to digest the milk sugar lactose - is also a common cause of gastric flu.

Who gets stomach flu?

Although stomach flu occurs all over the world and affects every age group and race, some people are more líkely to develop the condítion that others. For example, very young chíldren in day care centers and older adults ín nursing home are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis. Líving conditíons, hygiene, and cultural habits are ímportant factors in determining susceptibility to the disease. Stomach flu is líkely to arise anywhere people congregate, such as schools, cruíse ships, campgrounds, and dormítories. People who travel throughout the developíng world are also liíkely to develop the stomach flu due to food contamination or a bad of hygiene.

Stomach flu is estimated to causes between 5 and 10 million deaths each year around the world.



What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?

Common stomach flu symptoms include:
Low grade fever (100 F)
Nausea and/or vomiting
Loss of appetite
Diarrhea
Painful cramps or bloating
Headaches
Weakness
More seríous cases may ínvolve blood ín vomit or stool, vomiting for more than two days, very high fever, and swellíng ín the abdomen. Frequent vomiting and diarrhea will lead to dehydration and a loss of important electrolytes. This may be signaled by little or no urine, extreme thirst, lack of tears, and dry mouth.

In food poisoning title="food poisoning" alt="symptoms of food poisoning", than these symptoms are noticed breathing problems, dizziness, problem swallowing and slurred speech.

How is stomach flu treated?

Sínce stomach flu tends to be a self-limiting and acute disease, ít often does not requíre pharmacological therapy and the body usually ís able to fight off the infection. Treatment ís aímed at rehydrating - recovery of lost fluíds and electrolytes, water and salts that are lost by diarrhea and vomiting. Repleníshíng fluids is usually accomplíshed by oral rehydration therapy (ORT) or through íntravenous delivery.

For severe stomach flu symptoms or a suspected bacterial cause of the gastroenteritis, a doctor may prescríbe antibiotics. Antíemetics, may also be prescribed, but antímotility drugs, generally are díscouraged, especially ín people with bloody diarrhea or diarrhea complicated by a fever.
 If you notice symptoms such as breathing problems, dízziness, problem swallowing and slurred speech, seek medical attention immediately.

21 Stomach flu symptoms 2013: Gastroenteritis - Symptoms, Causes, & Treatments

Although it is known as stomach flu, gastroenteritis should not be confused with seasonal flu (influenza).


Influenza affects the respiratory system in our body - lungs, nose and throat and reezultat of infection with different flu viruses.

Flu symptoms are:

Fever

Cough

Headache

Muscle aches

Fatigue and weakness

Very rare, especially in children may experience nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.



The stomach flu is an infection of the gastrointestinal tract that attacks the lining of the stomach and intestines.

The stomach flu can be viral gastroenteritis or bacterial gastroenteritis.



Experts have concluded that bacterial gastroenteritis "booming" mainly in the summer. This happens due to high temperature, which helps the bacteria to multiply. A viral gastroenteritis is more common in winter and infection usually becomes airborne.



Bacterial gastroenteritis is caused by certain intestinal bacteria, staphylococci pathogenic enteric bacillus, salmonella and microbial dysentery.



Viral gastroenteritis is provoked by intestinal viruses. In most cases, the infection is a result of dirty hands from rotten or bad meal prepared from impure water from dirty objects - knives, forks, towels. And also from raw oysters.

Among the most common viral cause of acute gastroenteritis in children are: rotavirus, calicivirus, enteric adenoviruses and astrovirusi.



Less acute stomach flu can be caused by coronaviruses, torovirusi, picornaviruses, pikobirna viruses, parvovirus, etc..

Viral gastroenteritis occur in the form of endemic diseases in childhood or outbreaks affecting different age groups. The most common cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis Noroviruses are. This virus affects both children and adults. Rotavirus and calicivirus infections astrovirusnite with the highest incidence in winter, while enteric adenovirus infections are more common in summer and autumn.



A rare chronic gastroenteritis. It manifests itself in a serious medical condition, such as in patients with a diagnosis of cancer.



The most common stomach flu symptoms are:

Vomiting

Fever

Diarrhea.

Stomach cramps

Aching muscles

Abdominal pain




Usually, the first stomach flu symptom is the vomiting, but it can occur simultaneously or sometimes diarrhea after its start, to be the only symptom or indeed missing.



Main stomach flu symptom is watery diarrhea. Usually without mucus and blood. If dyaiariyata a bloody, means suffering from a serious infection and should immediately seek medical attention.

On the stomach flu muscle pain are the result of dehydration of the body. Stomach cramps and abdominal pain are the result of irritation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines.



Possible complications of stomach flu include:



Major complication of the stomach flu is dehydration. Tend to such young children, especially under 1 year of age and the elderly, or severe comorbidities.



Depending losses are classified mild, moderate and severe dehydration - a loss of less than 5% to 10% or more than 10% of body weight, which is measured practice But infants. Signs of severe dehydration are impairment of general condition with somnolence and hard contact with the patient, dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, sunken eyeballs, increased pulse rate and low blood pressure in infants and sunken fontanel.



From laboratory studies, what we find is haemoconcentration - with an increase in hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, total protein. Electrolyte disturbances are also allowed.



How to treat stomach flu:



Treatment of stomach flu symptoms is primarily supportive. It is good to make so-called. Diet pause that facilitates the work of the gastrointestinal tract. The most important thing is to ensure adequate intake of fluids adequately lost from vomiting and diarrhea. In profuse vomiting and inability to fluid intake by mouth, they are employed intravenously in hospital. Used solutions rich in electrolytes, usually Ringer, Hartmann.



Anti-diarrheal agents is not recommended because they reduce bowel and the risk of invasion of bacteria from the intestine into the blood (bacteremia). However, they can apply mild diarrhea without the presence of blood.



If necessary, appoint anti-sickness medication, but they are not recommended in children.



Taking probiotics helps in faster recovery of normal intestinal flora.



In establishing the bacterial cause of stomach flu prescribe antibiotics as antibiograms.



Stomach flu symptoms usually resolve in 1 to 3 days and do not require special treatment. If symptoms of stomach flu worse, and does not pass this time, it is necessary to seek medical attention to avoid complications. If the stomach pain, muscle blocks and vomiting are very sharp early and the temperature is very high, you better see a doctor immediately because it could not have stomach flu symptoms and symptoms of food poisoning.

38 Stomach flu symptoms 2013 - Viral Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu) Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

Viral gastroenteritis, also known as stomach flu, is an inflammation of the mucous coating of the stomach and intestines caused by certain groups of viruses. They stay in the epithelial cells of the mucosa, where they breed and cause damage to normal structure and function. The Stomach flu is highly infectious and very common - every year there are tens of millions.

1. What are the stomach flu symptoms?

The main stomach flu symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting. Also, frequent and headache, fever, chills and abdominal pain.

Dehydration is the most common complication of stomach flu. Infants, young children, the elderly and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk. Symptoms of dehydration are thirst, infrequent urination, dark urine, lethargy, fatigue, dizziness.

In young children and infants stomach flu symptoms are dry mouth and tongue, crying without tears, fever, unusually loud crying or high irritability, sunken eyes and cheeks.

Medical attention should be sought mandatory for young children and people with suppressed immunity, and in cases of blood in the stool (indication of bacterial superinfection), severe and prolonged course of infection, signs of dehydration. Severe dehydration may require intravenous hydration in hospital.

2. What are the most common stomach flu causes?

Rotavirus. Rotavirus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children. The incubation period of Rotavirus lasts from 1 to 3 days. Usually the infection is accompanied by watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever and muscle pain for 3 to 7 days. Rotaviruses can infect and adults in contact with the ailing child. Stomach flu symptoms in adult occur more easily.

Calicivirus. Cause infections in people of all ages. Noroviruses are the most common calicivirus and the most common cause of stomach flu in adults. Often reach epidemic. Usually stomach flu epidemics broke out between October and April, but are available at any time of year. Typical symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, headache and muscle aches. Symptoms begin 1-2 days after contact with the virus and last 1 to 3 days.

Adenoviruses. Mainly infect children under 2 years. There are 49 types of adenoviruses, one of which affects the intestinal tract and cause vomiting and diarrhea. The incubation period is 8-10 days and symptoms persist between one and two weeks. Adenovirus infections can occur at any time of year.

Astrovirus. Infect mostly infants and children less adults. The symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting continued until one week and appear after an incubation period of 3-4 days. The symptoms are milder than rotavirus or norovirus infections. Astroviral gastroenteritis are most common during the winter months.

3. How to transmit stomach flu?

Agents spread by airborne and contact-bit path. Available in feces and vomit. Patients can contaminate food and objects with the virus after defecating, especially if you do not wash your hands. It may be transmitted from contact with another person, such as a handshake. If vomiting viruses fall in the air.

Noroviruses are highly contagious especially. They can remain viable for months on the surface of objects that have not been thoroughly disinfected. In case of sick of such viruses is recommended disinfecting with bleach surrounding objects.




4. How to diagnose stomach flu?

Usually the diagnosis is based only on clinical manifestations. People with more severe and persistent symptoms may need to visit a specialist to recommend testing of feces to exclude bacterial and parasitic pathogens and identify company-or norovirus

5. What is the stomach flu treatment?

Most infections are self-limiting and require no etiological treatment.

Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections!

The goal of treatment is control of stomach flu symptoms and prevent complications. OTC medications such as loperamide( and bismuth subsalitsilat (antacid antidiarik and antibacterial agent) can be administered in adults but not in children.

Important is proper diet, especially to prevent dehydration and violations of water-salt balance. It includes drinking plenty of fluids (preferably fruit juices or juices) to replace lost fluids and salts, feed restriction starting eating light, easily digestible foods - toast first, then cooked potatoes, rice and bananas, avoid of fatty meats and oily food.

Recommended and plenty of rest.

Children are particularly at risk of complications, especially dehydration. They may be appropriate giving special rehydration solutions. Recommended giving such solutions even in infants.

Currently exploring new diagnostic tests for different rotavirus strains, new vaccines, and noroviruses company and the benefits of probiotics for the treatment of gastroenteritis.

6. How to avoid viral gastroenteritis?


The risk of infection can be greatly reduced by following a few tips:

Thoroughly wash hands with soap after every visit to the toilet or changing diapers and before each meal.
Disinfect the patient's belongings. (Where possible, it is recommended to use bleach.)
Avoid consumption of foods and beverages that are suspected of being infected .

If symptoms of stomach flu, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and body aches lasting more than two days, be sure to seek medical attention! Stomach flu symptoms are same like symptoms of food poisoning, therefore, if the symptoms are very severe, you think about what you ate for the last 2 to 4 hours. If you suspect food poisoning, seek immediate medical attention.

2 Stomach flu 2013 symptoms. Some info about Gastroenteritis

Stomach Flu Description:

The stomach flu is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, which can be caused by various reasons. The main symptom of the disease is diarrhea, but it may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. The severity of the condition varies from mild to severe and even life threatening. The right approach requires a detailed history collected that can identify not only the cause of diarrhea, but also potential risks of complications. Importance is the specification of the type of food that is consumed before the appearance of diarrhea, number of stools and their consistency, the presence of impurities such as blood, mucus or pus, accompanying symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain and fever.

Stomach flu Types:

According agent into the following types of stomach flu:

Viral stomach flu - the most common cause of rotavirus and norovirus are;

Bacterial stomach flu - may be caused by Escherichia coli, Staphyloccocus, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella and other bacteria.

Parasitic stomach flu - the agents are parasites, mostly falling in the body with food - Entamoeba hystolitica, Giardia lamblia.

Eosinophilic stomach flu - a rare type of gastroenteritis that can occur in both adults and children. Its cause is not fully understood, but an association with food allergies.

Stomach flu Causes:

Causes of stomach flu are very diverse. Viruses and bacteria are the most common of them. They are very contagious and can be spread through contaminated food or water. Infection is spread from person to person by the fecal-oral route - with bad hygiene and contamination of food with dirty hands.

Stomach flu caused by viruses, usually lasting one - two days. Some cases are caused by bacteria, however, can not continue much longer.

About 50 to 70% of stomach flu in adults are caused by norovirus. They are highly contagious and spread quickly. Norovirus infection is most common in the consumption of food contaminated with them or touch other contaminated objects and putting hands in the mouth afterwards.
Another frequent cause of viral gastroenteritis are rotavirus. They primarily affect children in breastfeeding and early childhood and can cause severe diarrhea dehydration. Causes among Adenoviruses are viruses, parvovirus, Astrovirusi.

Bacterial gastroenteritis, unlike viral, pass more severe, often leading to complications and infection can also affect other organs. Some bacteria that cause stomach flu, produce toxins, which are due to symptoms of stomach flu.
Infection with Escherichia colimozhe lead to significant complications of the kidneys, especially in children. Other common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis are Shigella, Salmonella, Campilobacter.

Infection with salmonella bacteria is most common in eating contaminated food, but also in close contact with birds and reptiles are carriers of the bacteria.

The prevalence of infection with Shigella can be achieved by consuming contaminated food or water, and swimming in polluted waters, and also in contact with homosexual men.

Infection with Campylobacter most often by eating raw or poorly cooked chicken.

Parasitic stomach flu is less common than viral and bacterial. Infection with these tiny organisms is most common in the consumption of contaminated water or swimming in contaminated waters. The most common causes stomach flu Giardia lamblia. Often the infection is ingestion of water from lakes and rivers contaminated with animal feces.
Another cause is Cryptosporidium, which is found in the intestinal tract of animals and is excreted in the feces. Infection occurs in a similar way, Giardia lamblia, but mostly affects people with reduced immunity.

Other non-infectious stomach flu can be caused by chemical toxins contained mostly in seafood, food allergies, heavy metals, antibiotics and other medications.



Stomach Flu Symptoms:

As the name indicates, Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, which most often occurs with vomiting and diarrhea.

The most common stomach flu symptoms are:

Mild fever - not exceeding 38 degrees.

Nausea and vomiting;

Mild to moderate diarrhea;

Abdominal pain - incremental and relief after defecation.

Serious stomach flu symptoms that require medical attention include:

Blood in stool or vomit;

Vomiting more than 48 hours;

Temperatures above 40 degrees;

Swollen and tender abdomen;

Signs of dehydration - weakness and dizziness, dry skin and mucous membranes, decreased urine output, and decreased sweating.

Stomach Flu Diagnosis:

The disease is usually self-limiting and maintenance treatment is to control stomach flu symptoms and to prevent dehydration. Most often the need for further research. For persistent stomach flu symptoms or complications of the condition tests will be ordered. The cause is most often sought in a sample of stool. It also appointed laboratory tests - complete blood count, electrolytes. Important for diagnosis and limit the spread of infection is thorough collection of the history of the disease. Have important data on travel, contact with poisons and irritants, antibiotics or other medications, changes in diet or eating questionable food, presence of other sick family member.

Stomach Flu Treatment:

Treatment of stomach flu is primarily supportive. It is good to make so-called. Diet pause that facilitates the work of the gastrointestinal tract. The most important thing is to ensure adequate intake of fluids adequately lost from vomiting and diarrhea. In profuse vomiting and inability to fluid intake by mouth, they are employed intravenously in hospital. Used solutions rich in electrolytes, usually Ringer, Hartmann.

Anti-diarrheal agents are not recommended as they reduce the bowel and the risk of invasion of bacteria from the intestine into the blood (bacteremia). However, they can apply mild diarrhea without the presence of blood.

If necessary, appoint anti-sickness medication, but they are not recommended in children.

Taking probiotics helps in faster recovery of normal intestinal flora.

In establishing the causative bacterial antibiotics are appointed by antibiograms.

Herbal treatment for stomach flu:

Some herbs and herbal extracts act soothing the gastrointestinal tract. They have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immunostimulatory activity. Accepted in the form of tea or capsules.

Echinacea - has antibacterial activity and stimulates the organism's defenses;

Marshmallow - emollient and anti-inflammatory;

Ginger - it is a tonic for the stomach and intestines. Anti-inflammatory effect, relieves nausea and vomiting, stomach pain and reduces bloating;

Rosehips - act favorably on diarrheal syndrome. Rosehip tea can be used instead of water for hydration. Apply in childhood.

Chamomile - soothes pain and discomfort in the stomach and intestines.

Stomach flu Prevention:

Most important for the prevention of stomach flu has the respect of personal hygiene with regular hand washing. Food should also be washed thoroughly and pass through a sufficient heat treatment. Avoid swimming in surface water due to risk of ingestion of contaminated water.

3 Stomach flu symptoms - What we eat?

Gastroenteritis, also known as "stomach flu" is a condition that usually causes inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. Since it is viral, not bacterial, it can be treated with antibiotics.

Symptoms of stomach flu include nausea, watery diarrhea and vomiting. Overall, not a serious illness, and most people recover completely within a short time. Its duration is approximately 3-5 days.

Alleviation of stomach flu symptoms can be achieved by adhering to a diet. Who are they and what should be our behavior in the treatment of stomach flu?

Preventing dehydration:
Among the main objectives in the treatment of stomach flu is the restoration of fluid balance in the body. If vomiting is constant and prevents fluid retention, have to wait 2-4 hours before meals and drinks. Consuming small amounts of water and other fluids is essential to the state of the body in severe vomiting and diarrhea.


Which foods to target:
Usually suffering from stomach flu have no appetite. But after nausea and vomiting subside, can gradually powering a solid food that is easily absorbed by the body - crackers, biscuits, noodles, cheese.

If diarrhea is adequate consumption of toasted bread, rice, potatoes, apple juice or bananas.

Which foods to avoid:
There are certain foods that should be avoided in gastroenteritis because the products can irritate the stomach, while the body is trying to recover from the virus. These are spicy, sour and fibrous foods. Meat, dairy products, cereals and vegetables are not recommended.

Preventive measures against stomach viruses are regular hand washing, disinfecting and avoiding contact with infected.

0 All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part - 3

In this last part of the article "All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis" will describe:

6 Mastering
6.1 Rehydration
6.2 Diet
6.3 Antiemetics
6.4 Antibiotics
6.5 antidiarrhoeals
7 Epidemiology

Mastering of stomach flu:

Gastroenteritis of stomach flu usually occurs as an acute self-limited disease that does not require the use of drugs. The preferred treatment for mild to moderate cases of dehydration is oral rehydration therapy (AC). Metoclopramide and / or ondansetron, however, can help some children abutilskopolamin helps abdominal pain.

Rehydration:

The main treatment for stomach flu in both children and adults is rehydration. It is preferable to apply oral rehydration therapy, although you may need intravenous feeding, if there is a reduced level of consciousness, or if dehydration is severe. Products for oral replacement therapy containing complex carbohydrates (ie those that are made from wheat or rice) may be better than those made only from sugars. Drinks, especially high in simple sugars, such as soft drinks and fruit juices are not recommended for children under 5 years of age, as it may increase diarrhea. If no more specific and effective preparations for AC or existing chemicals are unacceptable taste, can be used plain water. Young children can use a nasogastric tube feed fluid if necessary.

Diet:

Recommended infant feeding continues as usual, and formula feeding children who are bottle-fed should continue immediately after rehydration with AC. It is usually not necessary to give formulas without lactose-reduced or lactose. Children should continue their usual diet during episodes of diarrhea, however, should avoid foods high in simple sugars. No longer recommended diet BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast and tea), as it contains adequate nutrients and is more useful than the normal diet. Some probiotics appear to be useful in reducing both the duration of the disorder and the frequency of bowel movements. They may also be useful in the prevention and treatment of the use of antibiotic diarrhea. Fermented milk products (such as yogurt) are such useful features. Zinc supplementation is effective in the treatment and prevention of disease among children in developing countries.

Antiemetics:

Antiemetic medications (drugs to relieve urinary urgency nausea and vomiting) can help vomiting in children. Ondasetron provides some comfort as it once implementation is associated with reduced need for intravenous fluids, fewer hospital admissions and reduce vomiting. Metoclopramide may also help. However it is possible to use ondasetron is associated with an increased percentage of cases returned to the hospital for children. The intravenous form of ondasetron can be applied orally, but only at the discretion and recommendation of a medical professional. Dimenhidrinatat reduces vomiting but does not provide significant clinical benefit.


Antibiotics:

In gastroenteritis usually do not use antibiotics, although sometimes recommended if stomach flu symptoms are particularly severe or if it is isolated or suspected bacterial cause. If you need to apply antibiotics, macrolides (such as azithromycin) is preferable to a fluoroquinolone, as the proportion of fluoroquinolone resistance is higher. Pseudo-membrane colitis, which is usually caused by the use of antibiotics is addressed through immediate withdrawal of antibiotics, and treatment with metronidazole or vancomycin. The following types of bacteria and protozoa are treatable Shigella Salmonella Tiffy and giardiya. In cases giardiya or entameba histolitika be treated with tinidazole and it is better than treatment with metronidazole. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of antibiotics in young children who have both bloody diarrhea and fever.

Antidiarrhoeals:

Antidiarrheal drug (diarrhea medicine) is a theoretical risk of complications and although clinical experience indicates that it is unlikely that these drugs are not recommended for people with bloody diarrhea or diarrhea complicated by fever. Loperamide, an opioid analogue commonly used for the treatment of diarrhea. Loperamide is not recommended for children, as it can pass through more immature blood-brain barrier and cause toxicity. Bismuth subsalitsilat, insoluble complex of trivalent bismuth and salicylate, can be used in mild to moderate cases, but it is theoretically possible risk of toxicity salitsilatna.

Epidemiology:

It is estimated that cases of gastroenteritis annually worldwide are three to five billion, mostly affected are children and those in developing countries. According to data from 2008 gastroenteritis resulting in about 1.3 million deaths in children under five years of age, with most cases in the poorest countries in the world. More than 450,000 of those deaths in children under 5 years of age due to rotavirus.Holerata accounts for about three to five million cases of disease and leads to death in approximately 100,000 people annually. In developing countries, children under two years of age often develop an annual six or more infections that lead to clinically significant gastroenteritis. It is not as common in adults partly because of the development of acquired immunity.
In 1980 gastroenteritis from any cause has led to 4.6 million deaths in children, and most cases occur in developing countries. Percentages of mortality, however, significantly decreased (to approximately 1.5 million deaths per year) to 2000, largely due to the introduction and widespread use of oral rehydration therapy. In the U.S., infections causing gastroenteritis is the second most common infection after the common cold), leading to between 200 and 375 million cases of acute diarrhea in approximately ten million deaths annually, 150 to 300 of those deaths were in children under five.

Related Articles:
All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part 1

All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part 2 

0 All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part 1

In a series of articles will try to give complete information about gastroenteritis, commonly known as stomach flu.
  Due to the huge volume of information will divide the article into 3 parts.
I suggest you see what contained in all 3 articles.
1. Article 1:
      1. Symptoms and signs
      2.Reason
      2.1 Viral
      2.2 Bacterial
      2.3 Parasite
      2.4 Transmission
      2.5 Non-infectious
2. Article 2:

     3 Pathophysiology
     4 Diagnosis
     4.1 Dehydration
     4.2 Differential diagnosis
     5 Prevention
     5.1 The environment
     5.2 Vaccination
3. Article 3:

     6 Mastering
     6.1 Rehydration
     6.2 Diet
     6.3 Antiemetics
     6.4 Antibiotics
     6.5 antidiarrhoeals
     7 Epidemiology

All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part 1

Gastroenteritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach ("gastro" -) and small intestine ("entero" -), leading to a combination of diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain and cramps. also called a tour, gastric stomach virus and bacteria. Although not related to the flu, often called the stomach flu and gastro flu.
Worldwide, most cases in children are caused by rotavirus. In adults, the virus and Campylobacter are common. Less common causes include other bacteria (or their toxins) and parasites. Transfer may occur due to consumption of improperly prepared foods or contaminated water or through close contact with people who are contagious.
The main way of coping is adequate hydration. In mild or moderate cases can usually be achieved by oral rehydration solution. In more severe cases may require intravenous fluids. Stomach flu mainly affects children and those in developing countries.






Stomach flu symptoms and signs

Gastroenteritis usually includes diarrhea and vomiting and in rare cases occurs in only one or the other. May occur and stomach cramps. Signs and symptoms usually begin 12-72 hours after infection with the infectious agent. If due to a viral agent, the condition usually improves within one week. Some viral agents may be associated with fever, fatigue, headache and muscle pain. If stools are bloody, unlikely to be caused by a virus, but is more likely due to the bacterium. Some bacterial infections may be associated with severe stomach pain and can last for several weeks.
Children infected with rotavirus usually recover completely in three to eight days. In poor countries, however, the treatment of acute infections is often inaccessible and persistent diarrhea is common. Dehydration is a common complication of diarrhea and child with a significant degree of dehydration can have prolonged capillary filling, decreased skin turgor, and abnormal breathing Repeated infections usually occur in areas with poor sanitation and malnutrition prevented growth and this can lead to long delays in cognitive processes.
Reactive arthritis occurs in 1% of people after infection kampilobakteriyni species and Guillain-Barré syndrome occurs in 0.1%. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) can occur as a result of infection with Shiga toxin-producing types of E. coli and Shigella, which leads to decreased platelet count, poor kidney function and reduced number of red blood cells (due to their destruction). Children show a greater tendency to HUS than adults. Some viral infections can cause benign infantile seizures.

Stomach flu reason

Viruses (especially Rotavirus) and bacteria E. coli and Campylobacter are the main causes of gastroenteritis. There are, however, many other infectious agents that can cause this sindrom.V some cases there are non-infectious causes, but they are less likely than viral or bacterial. etiology. The risk of infection in children is higher due to the lack of immunity and relatively poor hygiene in them.






Viral

Viruses are known to cause stomach flu include rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus. Rotavirus is the most common cause of stomach flu in children and has a similar frequency of occurrence in both developed and developing countries. Viruses cause about 70% of the episodes of infectious diarrhea in children. Rotavirus is a rare cause of adult acquired immunity due.
But rovirusat is the leading cause of gastroenteritis among adults in the United States, causing more than 90% of the outbreaks. These localized epidemics usually occur when groups of people spend a lot of time in physical proximity, such as cruise ships, hospitals or restaurants. People may still be contagious even after they no longer diarrhea. Norovirus is responsible for around 10% of cases in children.

Bacterial

In developed countries, campylobacter yeyuni is the main cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, half of the cases are linked to exposure to contact with birds. In children, the bacteria is responsible for around 15% of cases, the most common species are E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter. If the bacteria gets food and remain at room temperature for several hours, the bacteria multiply and increase the risk of infection for those who consume the food. Some foods that are often associated with diseases include raw or poorly cooked meat, poultry, seafood and eggs, raw sprouts, not pasteurized milk and soft cheeses and fruit and vegetable juices. In developing countries, especially in Africa, sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, cholera is common cause of gastroenteritis. This infection is usually transmitted through contaminated water or food.
Toksigen Clostridium difitsile is an important cause of diarrhea, which occurs more often in adults. Young children may carry these bacteria without developing stomach flu symptoms. It is a common cause of diarrhea in people who are in hospital and is often associated with antibiotic use. Staphylococcus aureus infective diarrhea may also occur in people who have used antibiotics. "Travelers' diarrhea" is usually kind of bacterial gastroenteritis. Medicines that suppress acid seems significant increased risk of infection after exposure to certain organisms, including Clostridium species difitsile, salmonella and campylobacter. Greater risk exists for those taking proton pump inhibitors, H2 antagonists than.

Parasite

Many protozoa can cause gastroenteritis - the most common giardiya flap - but kind entameba histolitika and cryptosporidia are also implied. As a group, these agents represent about 10% of cases in children. Giardiyata is more common in developing countries, but the etiological agent causing this type of disease in some degree almost everywhere. It occurs more often in people who have traveled in areas with high prevalence of the disease in children attending kindergarten, men who have sex with men, and after disasters.






Transmission

The transmission can be done by consuming contaminated water or using the personal belongings of another person. In regions with alternating wet and dry seasons, water quality typically deteriorates during the wet season, which is associated with intense weather onset. In areas of the world with pronounced seasons, infections are more common in winter. Artificial infant feeding bottles sterilized with poor represent a significant cause of disease worldwide. The percentages of the cases reported also associated with poor hygiene, especially for children in overcrowded households, and people who suffer from malnutrition. Once you develop tolerance, adults can carry certain organisms without signs or symptoms, and thus act as natural reservoirs of infection. While some agents (such as Shigella) are found only in primates, etc. can be found among the various groups of animals (such as giardiyata).

Not infectious

There are not many infectious causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the more common reasons include the use of drugs (NSAIDs), certain nutrients such as lactose (for people who are intolerant) and gluten (for people with tseliachna disease). Chrono disease can also not be an infectious source the (often difficult) gastroenteritis. The disease can occur also due to toxins. Some foodborne diseases that are associated with symptoms of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea include food poisoning by eating siguatera zarazena predatory fish skombroidoza associated with the consumption of certain types of rotting fish, tetrodotoxin poisoning by eating fugu fish and other botulism usually occurs by eating improperly canned foods.

Be sure to read All about stomach flu - Gastroenteritis. Part 2

2 What is stomach flu?

Stomach flu or gastroenteritis is a gastrointestinal infection caused by viruses, bacteria or parasites. Gastroenteritis is a condition associated primarily with hygiene and sanitary conditions of living, eating and living.

Symptoms:

The most characteristic stomach flu symptom is gastrointestinal upset, preceded by abdominal pain. Besides this characteristic disease symptoms can be expressed even in the presence of:

- Temperature

- Lack of appetite

- Nausea

- Vomiting

- Weight loss and dehydration

- Mucus or blood in the stool

 Typically, viral gastroenteritis lasts a few days and goes away by itself.
More serious, dangerous and persistent are bacterial and parasitic stomach flu, which are more common and known as "food poisoning" because the most common sources of infection are consumption of food and water.
Gastroenteritis is an acute infectious disease care why other people do not become infected by contact with the patient must be associated with maintaining good personal hygiene and sanitation.




Treatment of stomach flu:

Viral gastroenteritis usually do not need treatment because the body itself to deal with the problem for several days.
 The situation for bacterial gastroenteritis is a little different because disease-causing bacteria are pathogenic viruses and can cause more problems and complications. In addition, in people with weakened or compromised immune system bacteria can not be resolved in other parts of the body and even cause life-threatening infection known as "sepsis." Therefore, very often it is reasonable for a bacterial infection using an appropriate antibiotic to eliminate the risk of spreading the infection or expansion.

 Usually, the main focus is on symptomatic treatment, ie addressing and eliminating symptoms. Firstly it is anti-diarrheal medication means to limit or stop the disorder and drinking plenty of fluids to compensate for their loss due to diarrhea. For this purpose, suitable clear, salty soup because the body loses fluids also important sodium and potassium ions and their loss must be compensated. For the duration of the disorder should avoid carbonated drinks, milk and sweets because they enhance diarrhea.